Stéphane Courtois, Nicolas Werth, Jean-Louis Panné, Andrzej Paczkowski, Karel Bartosek, Jean-Louis Margolin

Estimated number of victims 65 million in the People’s Republic of China 20 million in the Soviet Union 2 million in Cambodia 2 million in North Korea 1.7 million in Africa 1.5 million in Afghanistan 1 million in the Communist states of Eastern Europe 1 million in Vietnam 150,000 in Latin America (mainly Cuba) 10,000 deaths “resulting from actions of the international Communist movement and Communist parties not in power.”